Which Consumer Commission Should You Approach?
The right Commission depends on the amount you paid and where you can file. Here is the simple way to work it out.
Choosing which consumer commission to approach is the first decision in any complaint, and it is easy once you know the rule. There are three tiers, the District, State and National Commissions, and the tier depends on the amount you paid. This guide explains the rule, where you can file, and what happens if you pick wrong.
Step 1: the tier depends on the amount you paid
Under the Consumer Protection (Jurisdiction of the District Commission, the State Commission and the National Commission) Rules, 2021, the tier is decided by the value of the goods or services paid as consideration.
- District Commission: up to ₹50 lakh.
- State Commission: above ₹50 lakh and up to ₹2 crore.
- National Commission: above ₹2 crore.
This is the amount you paid, not the compensation you ask for. If you paid ₹40,000 for a phone and ask for ₹5 lakh in compensation, the District Commission still hears it.
Step 2: the place you can file
Section 34(2) of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 lets you file a complaint in the District Commission within whose local limits:
- the opposite party lives, carries on business or works for gain,
- the cause of action arose in whole or in part, or
- you, the complainant, live or personally work for gain.
The last option is a big help for people. It means you can file in your own district, even if the company is in another state. This is particularly useful for online purchases, where a seller could be anywhere.
Worked examples
- A ₹35,000 refund from an online retailer based in another state. District Commission, filed where you live.
- A flat bought for ₹75 lakh, with possession delayed. State Commission.
- A ₹3 crore commercial dispute. National Commission.
What if you file in the wrong place?
A complaint filed in the wrong Commission can be returned or sent to the right one, which costs time. It is better to check before you file. If you are close to the two year limit, a wrong filing can be risky. See the consumer complaint time limit guide.
Fees follow the amount
The fee also depends on the amount you paid. Up to ₹5 lakh there is no fee. See consumer court fees for the whole table.
Filing on the portal
You choose the Commission on the e-Jagriti portal when you file. If you are new to it, read the e-Daakhil to e-Jagriti guide. Jagrik AI works out the tier from the amount you paid and fills the right Commission in on the portal through its browser extension, and you check it before you submit.
Special cases
Medical claims follow the consideration paid for the service, see medical negligence complaint. For home purchases, see booking amount refund.
Deciding which consumer commission to use takes two checks: the amount you paid and the place you can file.
Frequently asked questions
Which Commission handles a ₹40 lakh complaint?
The District Commission, since it is up to ₹50 lakh.
Is the tier based on what I claim or what I paid?
On the value of goods or services paid as consideration.
Can I file where I live?
Yes. Section 34(2)(d) lets you file in the District Commission where you reside or work.
What if the company is in another state?
You can still file where you live. You do not have to travel to its office.
Where do I file on the portal?
On the e-Jagriti portal, choosing the state and district Commission.
Sources
Start your complaint
Ready to file? Start your complaint with Jagrik AI or read our consumer complaint guide for the full walkthrough.
This is general information, not legal advice. Jagrik AI is an independent tool, not operated by or affiliated with the Government of India. It helps you prepare, and does not replace a lawyer for complex cases.